S&P 500 closes at record, led by energy, tech shares

By Ryan Vlastelica

NEW YORK (Reuters) - The S&P 500 index ended at an all-time high on Monday as growth-oriented stocks, including energy and technology, lead the way to the index's sixth rise in the past seven sessions.

Stronger-than-expected housing data also boosted the market, as did Italy's formation of a new government, ending months of uncertainty and raising hopes for new policies to promote growth in the euro zone's third-largest economy.

Pressure has grown on the European Central Bank to lower interest rates with the euro zone mired in recession. Money market traders are evenly split on whether the ECB will cut rates at its meeting on Thursday, according to a Reuters poll.

Wall Street followed European stocks higher as Italian Prime Minister Enrico Letta urged a focus on growth policies and away from austerity measures in his inaugural speech.

"After the election there was a lot of uncertainty about whether Italy could form a government, so now there is not only a great deal of relief over that, but also expectations for additional monetary policies from the ECB," said Alec Young, global equity strategist at S&P Equity Research in New York.

The Dow Jones industrial average <.dji> was up 106.20 points, or 0.72 percent, at 14,818.75. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index <.spx> was up 11.37 points, or 0.72 percent, at 1,593.61. The Nasdaq Composite Index <.ixic> was up 27.76 points, or 0.85 percent, at 3,307.02.

The U.S. Federal Reserve will also meet this week for a two-day session beginning on Tuesday. The Fed is expected to maintain its stimulus policy. Data on Monday showing muted inflation gave the Fed room for accommodative measures.

Also lifting markets was Apple Inc , which jumped 3.1 percent to $430.12 after taking initial steps for what would be its first debt sale. Technology stocks <.splrct> rose 1.7 percent, making the sector the best-performing on Monday.

Among energy shares, Chevron Corp rose 1.1 percent to $121.32.

A report showed contracts to buy previously owned homes rose last month to their highest level since April 2010, showing underlying strength in the housing market recovery, even though the pace of sales growth has cooled in recent months.

The S&P 500 closed just barely above its previous record hit earlier this month of 1,593.37.

"The market's trend continues to be higher, but it is still attractive at these valuations," said Young, who has a 12-month target of 1,670 for the S&P.

About 71 percent of New York Stock Exchange-listed companies closed higher while 65 percent of companies traded on the Nasdaq ended in positive territory.

Volume was light, with about 5.10 billion shares changing hands on the New York Stock Exchange, the Nasdaq and NYSE MKT, below the daily average so far this year of about 6.36 billion shares.

Moody's Corp was the S&P 500's top percentage gainer, jumping 8.3 percent to $59.69 after the company settled a lawsuit alleging that it had misled investors about the safety of risky debt vehicles it had rated.

McGraw-Hill Cos , whose Standard & Poor's unit said it settled similar suits, rose 2.8 percent to $53.45.

Roper Industries Inc fell 3.8 percent to $118.68 after reporting first-quarter revenue that missed expectations, though it raised its full-year profit outlook.

Of the 274 companies in the S&P 500 that have reported earnings to date for current season, 69 percent have beat analysts' expectations and 43.2 percent have reported revenue above expectations.

The second half of the earnings season may not be as strong as the first one, data showed.

(Editing by Nick Zieminski and Kenneth Barry)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/stock-futures-higher-ahead-data-corporate-results-115148731.html

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Happy Monday

Happy Monday

Selena Gomez Dresses Up for the Gym?[The Frisky] No Prenup for Jennifer Aniston??[HollyWire] Kim Kardashian Baby Bump Exposed?[Right Celebrity] Taylor Swift Buys Mansion in Cash?[The Celebrity Cafe] Julianne Hough Spotted in a Bikini?[The Blemish] Zoe Saldana a Fashion Hit at Star Trek Photocall?[The Huffington Post] Kate Middleton To Deliver Baby in Hometown Hospital??[Celeb Dirty Laundry] ...

Happy Monday Stupid Celebrities Gossip Stupid Celebrities Gossip News

Source: http://stupidcelebrities.net/2013/04/happy-monday-23/

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Obama to nominate Anthony Foxx as transportation secretary (reuters)

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Samsung to block access to app store in Iran

TEHRAN, Iran (AP) ? Iranian users of Samsung mobile applications said Thursday that the company had notified them that they will no longer have access to the company's online store as of May 22.

The move is seen as part of international sanctions on the country over its disputed nuclear program. The West has imposed banking and insurance sanctions on Iran since it suspects Iran is pursuing nuclear weapons, a charge Tehran denies.

At a Tehran shopping mall, owners of mobile phones and tablets said Thursday that they had received the message via email from the company late the night before. Retailers said they had no power over the decision.

"We have heard about it, but we are only responsible for hardware here, not software and apps," shopkeeper Bijan Ashtiani said.

In the message, Samsung said that it cannot provide access to the store, known as Samsung Apps, in Iran because of "legal barriers." It apologized to customers in emailed statement seen by the Associated Press on Thursday.

Samsung's offices in Tehran could not be immediately reached for comment due to the weekend there, and its headquarters in South Korea did not immediately respond to a request.

The decision quickly provoked ire on social media.

"Samsung is to stop its apps in Iran, oh how we appreciate our officials," wrote Bahareh, a Twitter user blaming Tehran's policy. Another, named Armin, pointed at the technology giant itself, saying: "Now, Samsung's sanctions honor us as well!"

Samsung spokesman Chris Jung in Seoul declined to comment.

Unlike Apple, Microsoft and Adobe, Samsung has provided localized services to Iranians in their native Persian language. In 2012, Finnish communications giant Nokia stopped its services in the country.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/samsung-block-access-app-store-iran-120700300--finance.html

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UK opens makeshift Somalia embassy in Western vote of confidence

By Richard Lough

MOGADISHU (Reuters) - In a sign of growing optimism that Somalia is winning a struggle against pirates and al Qaeda-linked insurgents, Britain opened an embassy on Thursday in a set of four metal cabins at Mogadishu airport.

It was the first such move by a Western power since Somalia began to emerge from more than two decades of conflict. Turkey and Iran are among others vying for influence in the Horn of Africa country, with growing commercial ties and diplomatic missions already up and running.

"It is a symbol of our confidence and belief in the future of Somalia," said British Foreign Secretary William Hague, who flew in on an unannounced visit to watch the Union Jack flag hoisted above the cabins, generator and satellite dish within the airport perimeter fence.

"This is a sign of where Somalia is now heading to," said Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud.

"Somalia is going back to the international arena," he added, expressing hope that other Western states would follow suit.

The country is enjoying a delicate recovery but remains heavily dependent on others for its security. An African Union military offensive has driven weakened al Shabaab insurgents from bases in Mogadishu and other cities, and piracy in the strategic sea lanes off Somalia is at an all-time low, thanks largely to a heavy foreign naval presence.

REGIONAL BOOST

A stable Somalia would boost regional economies like Kenya and Ethiopia which have been rattled by their neighbor's insecurity, and would reassure Western capitals which have long worried Somalia provides a base for militant Islam to flourish.

The British government says now is "the best time in a generation for Somalia to get back onto the road to recovery." Britain will host an international conference in London on May 7 on ways to bolster security, impose the rule of law and rebuild the nation.

At the new embassy, due to be fully operational from late July, diplomats will live and work for a few weeks at a time in rotation behind two big blast walls, squeezed between the airport runway on one side and the Indian Ocean on the other.

Other countries with embassies in Mogadishu include Turkey, Libya, Ethiopia, Sudan, Yemen and Iran.

Britain's previous diplomatic mission lies in ruins: it closed in 1991 as a civil war broke out that led to first warlords and then Islamist militants stepping into the political vacuum.

Once written off as a failed state, Somalia now has its most legitimate government for decades since Mohamud's election in September. But the government still struggles to exert influence beyond the capital.

Foreign diplomats say they are spending more time in Somalia and will not be far behind the growing number of U.N. officials and aid workers slowly moving to Somalia from Kenya, where many organizations have been running their Somali operations.

(Editing by Edmund Blair and Mark Trevelyan)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/uk-opens-makeshift-somalia-embassy-western-vote-confidence-130737115.html

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Important fertility mechanism discovered

Apr. 24, 2013 ? Scientists in Mainz and Aachen have discovered a new mechanism that controls egg cell fertility and that might have future therapeutic potential. It was revealed by Professor Dr. Walter St?cker of the Institute of Zoology at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) that the blood protein fetuin-B plays an important and previously unknown role in the fertilization of oocytes. Fetuin-B, first identified in the year 2000, is formed in the liver and secreted into the blood stream. During a joint research project with researchers at RWTH Aachen University headed by Professor Dr. Willi Jahnen-Dechent of the Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, it was discovered that fetuin-B contributes to egg cell fertility by regulating the hardening of the protective zona pellucida of oocytes.

The findings have recently been published in the scientific journal Developmental Cell.

The scientists at Aachen discovered that female mice lacking fetuin-B were infertile even though their ovaries developed normally. But fertility was restored when their ovaries were transplanted in wild-type mice with normal fetuin-B production. "This demonstrates that it was not the ovaries themselves but the plasma protein fetuin-B that determined whether the mice were fertile or not," explained St?cker.

The role played by the plasma protein fetuin-B was decoded in cooperation with the team in Aachen. The mechanism appears to operate as follows: The oocytes of humans and other mammals are surrounded by a protective envelope called the zona pellucida. This envelope hardens immediately after the successful fertilization of the egg cell by a sperm, which means that subsequent sperm are unable to penetrate the ovum, thus preventing multiple fertilization (polyspermy). Polyspermy results in the death of the embryo in many mammals. The hardening of the zona pellucida is triggered by the proteolytic enzyme ovastacin, the function of which St?cker's team in Mainz has been investigating. The protease ovastacin is stored in vesicles within the egg cell and when the first sperm penetrates the ovum, the protease is explosively discharged into the gap between the egg cell and the zona pellucida in what is known as the cortical reaction.

However, small amounts of ovastacin continually seep from unfertilized egg cells and this would cause the zona to harden before the first sperm can penetrate. "It is the role of fetuin-B to ensure that these constantly escaping small quantities of ovastacin are inactivated so that oocytes can be fertilized," St?cker added. "However, once a sperm has penetrated an egg cell, the cortical reaction will be unleashed and the amount of ovastacin will overwhelm the inhibition capacity of fetuin-B and initiate the hardening process."

This is the first time that it has been shown that premature hardening of the zona pellucida can be a cause of infertility. It is thus possible that this could represent the basis for the development of future forms of infertility treatment.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Universit?t Mainz.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

---

Journal Reference:

1. Eileen Dietzel, Jennifer Wessling, Julia Floehr, Cora Sch?fer, Silke Ensslen, Bernd Denecke, Benjamin R?sing, Joseph Neulen, Thomas Veitinger, Marc Spehr, Tanja Tropartz, Ren? Tolba, Thomas Renn?, Angela Egert, Hubert Schorle, Yuliya Gottenbusch, Andr? Hildebrand, Irene Yiallouros, Walter St?cker, Ralf Weiskirchen, Willi Jahnen-Dechent. Fetuin-B, a Liver-Derived Plasma Protein Is Essential for Fertilization. Developmental Cell, 2013; 25 (1): 106 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2013.03.001

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/w16dNHOPhPk/130424102938.htm

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CME Group "mistakenly" let some traders see secret swaps data

(Reuters) - CME Group said Monday that it mistakenly allowed "a small number" of traders to see confidential data on hundreds of swaps transactions that it collects under new rules mandated by Wall Street reform legislation.

Details on 500 swaps transactions tied to agriculture and energy were inadvertently released to some traders on April 1, CME said, after the Chicago-based exchange operator implemented an enhancement to its swaps-data warehousing service that contained a bug. CME corrected the problem within two days, it said in a statement.

Global lawmakers and regulators began clamping down on the opaque swaps industry after the 2007-2009 financial crisis, forcing much of the $600 trillion industry into regulated clearinghouses and requiring a wider distribution of data on swaps than had ever been available before.

Under new rules, traders are supposed to be able to access data on price and volume for many swaps transactions, although the identities of the traders involved are supposed to be kept secret.

But after CME rolled out its new software, some traders could see who had traded with whom. CME learned of the problem the following day from affected customers, and fixed it by April 3, it said.

The 500 disclosed transactions represent only a fraction of a total of nearly 1 million, CME said, but nevertheless could deal a blow to confidence in the ability of swaps data warehouses to protect their users' anonymity.

"All impacted customers were notified," CME said. "We regret this incident occurred, as maintaining the confidentiality of market participant data at all times is vital to the operation of our markets and systems."

The Wall Street Journal earlier reported on CME's inadvertent disclosure of the swaps data.

(Reporting by Ann Saphir; Editing by Jan Paschal)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/cme-group-mistakenly-let-traders-see-secret-swaps-222448911--finance.html

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Benson Henderson defends belt, then proposes to girlfriend at UFC on FX 7

UFC lightweight champion Benson Henderson won a very close decision over Gilbert Melendez at UFC on Fox 7. With the win, he held onto his gold championship belt, but right after the decision was read, another piece of jewelry was on his mind.

With the crowd in San Jose booing, Henderson's girlfriend, Maria Magana, was led into the Octagon. Henderson told UFC commentator Joe Rogan, "I gotta see about a girl real quick." He motioned to one of his cornermen, who pulled a small jewelry box out of his pocket and handed it to Henderson. The champ then dropped to one knee and popped the question.

"I love you. I'm not perfect. I never have been, but you make me happier every single day than any man has a right to be. I love you. Will you marry me?"

[Related: Benson Henderson's controversial win caps off thrilling night]

Magana answered yes, even as the crowd continued to boo. The post-fight proposal had to be approved by several parties including UFC president Dana White and Magana's father.

The happy couple posed for a picture right after the fight.

The night could have very easily been much less joyful for the couple, as Henderson's win was razor-close. Melendez, the Strikeforce champion who was making his UFC debut, started strong. He neutralized Henderson by landing several kicks.

But as the fight wore on into the fourth and fifth rounds, the momentum turned towards Henderson. He finished with impressive flurries late in the third round, and was able to land enough kicks on Melendez that a welt appeared on his leg. Melendez slowed down, but neither fighter was able to consistently apply offense.

That didn't matter to Henderson after the bout.

"There's a lot of bigger things than fighting, and I had to take care of one of those things tonight," Henderson told Rogan after the successful fight and proposal.

Other popular content on Yahoo! Sports:
? Images from the manhunt, capture of Boston bombing suspect
? Texas A&M quarterback Johnny Manziel is ready for his encore
? Ball Don't Lie Power Rankings: First-round NBA playoff matchups
? David Ortiz punctuates Red Sox pregame with strong statement

Source: http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/mma-cagewriter/benson-henderson-defends-belt-then-proposes-girlfriend-ufc-023837351--mma.html

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News in Brief: American Physical Society meeting

Highlights from the April physics meeting, Denver, April 13-16

By Andrew Grant

Web edition: April 19, 2013

Enlarge

The Crab Nebula, shown in a composite X-ray, visible-light and infrared view, may have finally yielded its secrets. An astronomer proposes that it is the product of a rare kind of supernova.

Credit: X-ray: J. Hester/ASU, CXC; Optical: J. Hester and A. Loll/ASU, NASA, ESA; Infrared: R. Gehrz/U of Minn., JPL/NASA

?Classifying the Crab Nebula supernova

In 1054, eyes turned to the sky as a giant star 6,500 light-years away exploded as a supernova. Today, what?s left behind is a colorful shell of gas and dust known as the Crab Nebula. Now an astronomer has laid out a blueprint of just how that star exploded.

The Crab supernova confounds astronomers because it packed less energy than a typical explosion of a star of its size, yet a large portion of that energy seemed to show up as visible light ? so much so that Chinese astronomers reported seeing the supernova in the daytime sky for 23 days.

In an April 15 session and a paper posted on arXiv.org, astronomer Nathan Smith from the University of Arizona in Tucson argued that the Crab Nebula is the product of a rare type of supernova called a Type IIn-P. He surmises that a large star rich in oxygen, neon and magnesium exploded and sent out a shock wave that heated up interstellar material to temperatures that maximize the emission of visible light. The brightness of Type IIn-P explosions observed in 1994, 2009 and 2011 plateaued for a few months before plummeting, which Smith says is consistent with observations from 1054.

Fossils show bacteria may have eaten supernova?s iron

Ancient bacteria may have chewed up the radioactive remains of a star that exploded more than 2 million years ago, according to research presented April 14.

Only a few giant stars explode as supernovas close enough to Earth to deposit shrapnel on the planet. A rock recovered from the Pacific Ocean nearly a decade ago suggested one such supernova occurred about 2.2 million years ago. Researchers from the Technical University of Munich in Germany made that determination in 2004 by analyzing the rock's concentration of iron-60, a radioactive isotope spewed by supernovas.

Shawn Bishop, a physicist from Technical University who was not involved in the prior research, wondered whether he could find any radioactive iron from the supernova in the fossil record. He looked to bacteria that live beneath the seafloor and process iron to produce magnetic crystals.

Bishop and his team obtained a sediment core from the Pacific seafloor that dates back to 3.3 million years ago. They extracted iron-60 from samples of the core and counted the atoms with a mass spectrometer. The radioactive isotope was nonexistent in most of the samples, but it showed up in very small amounts in samples from around the time of the supernova. The findings could indicate that bacteria harvested supernova-produced iron-60 atoms.

Black hole fires particle jet toward Earth

A burst of activity from a nearby supermassive black hole has drawn the gaze of a suite of telescopes, including NuSTAR, NASA's newest space probe. The jet of energetic particles emanating from the black hole was a hot topic at an April 15 session on NuSTAR?s latest results.

The supermassive black hole, located 400 million light-years away in the galaxy Markarian 421, is inhaling enormous amounts of gas and dust. The black hole?s extreme gravity heats up that material, and some of it escapes at nearly the speed of light in a narrow jet, along with intense radiation. In the case of Markarian 421?s black hole, that jet is pointed straight at Earth.

NuSTAR, which is short for Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, is an X-ray telescope designed to explore the inner workings of black holes. It has been monitoring Markarian 421 since January, and on April 12 the black hole suddenly started beaming out up to100 times as much radiation as usual. NuSTAR astronomers contacted colleagues around the world through an online forum, and almost immediately as many as 20 telescopes began tracking Markarian 421?s emission of gamma rays, radio waves and visible light.

Caltech?s Fiona Harrison, NuSTAR?s principal investigator, says these combined observations will help astronomers understand where and how matter gets accelerated in the vicinity of an active black hole.

---

Suggested Reading

R. Cowen. Frozen cosmic fingerprints. Science News online. March 9, 2009. [Go to]

C. Brownlee. Polar-opposite bacteria swim south in the north. Science News. Vol. 169, January 28, 2006, p. 62. Available online: [Go to]

R. Cowen. Powerhouse astronomy: Blazing black hole from the early universe. Science News. Vol. 166, July 3, 2004, p. 4. Available online: [Go to]

R. Cowen. Crab Nebula activity keeps confounding. Science News. Vol. 179, June 4, 2011, p. 10. Available online: [Go to]

NuSTAR team?s online announcement of ?extreme X-ray flaring,? in The Astronomer?s Telegram.
[Go to]

Source: http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/349844/title/News_in_Brief_American_Physical_Society_meeting

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There has been an error of some kind. Ack!

Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

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AT&T expands LTE offerings to three new markets

Marching towards full nationwide LTE coverage, AT&T hits a few more notable markets

LTE brings the benefit of not only faster overall speeds, but of course faster ping (response) times and just general network robustness. Unfortunately, there are still plenty of places around the U.S. that haven't seen the light of day from AT&T's LTE reach. The carrier can at least now say there are three fewer locations on that list:

• Cheyenne, Wyoming
• Cushing, Oklahoma
• Florence, South Carolina

As AT&T tends to do when it launches new markets with LTE, it notes how much money is being put into the building out of the network. This time around, at least $30 million was spent on network infrastructure in just Wyoming from 2010 to 2012. Networks ain't cheap, folks.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/androidcentral/~3/ubezyY1COwo/story01.htm

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Video: Newtown mom: "Please help us do something" (cbsnews)

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Walk this way: New research suggests human ancestors may have used different forms of bipedalism during the plio-pleistocene

Apr. 11, 2013 ? According to a new study, our Australopithecus ancestors may have used different approaches to getting around on two feet. The new findings, co-authored by Boston University researchers Jeremy DeSilva , assistant professor of anthropology, and Kenneth Holt, assistant professor of physical therapy, appear in the latest issue of the journal Science in an article titled "The Lower Limb and Mechanics of Walking in Australopithecus sediba." The paper is one of six published this week in Science that represent the culmination of more than four years of research into the anatomy of Australopithecus sediba (Au. sediba). The two-million-year-old fossils, discovered in Malapa cave in South Africa in 2008, are some of the most complete early human ancestral remains ever discovered.

The locomotion findings are based on two Malapa Au. sediba skeletons. The relatively complete skeletons of an adult female and juvenile male made possible a detailed locomotor analysis, which was used to form a comprehensive picture of how this early human ancestor walked around its world.

The researchers hypothesize this species walked with a fully extended leg (like humans do), but with an inverted foot (like an ape), producing hyperpronation of the foot and excessive rotation of the knee and hip during bipedal walking. These bipedal mechanics are different from those often reconstructed for other australopiths and suggest that there may have been several forms of bipedalism throughout human evolution.

Australopithecus sediba has a combination of primitive and derived features in the hand, upper limb, thorax, spine, and foot. It also has a relatively small brain, a human-like pelvis, and a mosaic of Homo- and Australopithecus-like craniodental anatomy. The foot in particular possesses an anatomical mosaic not present in either Au. afarensis or Au. africanus, supporting the contention that there were multiple forms of bipedal locomotion in the Plio-Pleistocene. (The recent discovery of an Ardipithecus-like foot from 3.4-million-year-old deposits at Burtele, Ethiopia, further shows that at least two different forms of bipedalism coexisted in the Pliocene.)

"Our interpretation of the Malapa skeletal morphology extends the variation in Australopithecus locomotion," says DeSilva. "As others have suggested, there were different kinematic solutions for being a bipedal hominin in the Plio-Pleistocene. The mode of locomotion suggested by the Malapa skeletons indicates a compromise between an animal that is adapted for extended knee bipedalism and one that either still had an arboreal component or had re-evolved a more arboreal lifestyle from a more terrestrial ancestor." DeSilva adds that there is some evidence that the South African species Au. africanus may have been more arboreal than the east African Au. afarensis. "A hypothesized close relationship between Au. africanus and Au. sediba, along with features in the upper limbs of the latter thought to reflect adaptations to climbing and suspension, is consistent with a retained arboreal component in the locomotor repertoire of Au. sediba."

Co-authors of this study are Kristian J. Carlson, Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa and the Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; Christopher S. Walker, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC; Bernhard Zipfel, Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa and Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, , South Africa; and Lee R. Berger, Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Boston University College of Arts & Sciences, via Newswise.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

---

Journal Reference:

1. J. M. DeSilva, K. G. Holt, S. E. Churchill, K. J. Carlson, C. S. Walker, B. Zipfel, L. R. Berger. The Lower Limb and Mechanics of Walking in Australopithecus sediba. Science, 2013; 340 (6129): 1232999 DOI: 10.1126/science.1232999

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_environment/~3/ohXpT7oNkJc/130411142710.htm

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Fires in the Yucatan Peninsula

Public release date: 11-Apr-2013
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Contact: Rob Gutro
robert.j.gutro@nasa.gov
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

Dozens of red hot spots cluster at the tip of Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula. To the south, fires also speckle the neck of the Yucatan, Guatemala, and Belize. Each hot spot, which appears as a red mark, is an area where the thermal detectors on the MODIS instrument recognized temperatures higher than background. When accompanied by plumes of smoke, as in this image, such hot spots are diagnostic for fire.

April is in the middle of the dry season, which runs from January through May in this region. It is also fire season. Many of these fires may have been deliberately set to manage land for agriculture, especially in forest clearing, working cropland, and renewing pastures. Some also may be wildfires, with natural (lightning) or accidental sources. As the dry season progresses, the number of fires tend to grow, as does the pall of smoke which settles over the land.

Although haze and smoke cover the region and pours northward over the Gulf of Mexico, the shiny, silver-toned band aligned in a north-to-south direction is not smoke. It is sunglint the mirror-like reflection of the Sun off the water surface.

###

NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz LANCE/EOSDIS MODIS Rapid Response Team, GSFC. Caption by Brandon Maccherone.

---

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?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 11-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Rob Gutro
robert.j.gutro@nasa.gov
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

Dozens of red hot spots cluster at the tip of Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula. To the south, fires also speckle the neck of the Yucatan, Guatemala, and Belize. Each hot spot, which appears as a red mark, is an area where the thermal detectors on the MODIS instrument recognized temperatures higher than background. When accompanied by plumes of smoke, as in this image, such hot spots are diagnostic for fire.

April is in the middle of the dry season, which runs from January through May in this region. It is also fire season. Many of these fires may have been deliberately set to manage land for agriculture, especially in forest clearing, working cropland, and renewing pastures. Some also may be wildfires, with natural (lightning) or accidental sources. As the dry season progresses, the number of fires tend to grow, as does the pall of smoke which settles over the land.

Although haze and smoke cover the region and pours northward over the Gulf of Mexico, the shiny, silver-toned band aligned in a north-to-south direction is not smoke. It is sunglint the mirror-like reflection of the Sun off the water surface.

###

NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz LANCE/EOSDIS MODIS Rapid Response Team, GSFC. Caption by Brandon Maccherone.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/nsfc-fit041113.php

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Copper surfaces reduce the rate of health care-acquired infections in the ICU

Public release date: 9-Apr-2013
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Contact: Tamara Moore
tmoore@gymr.com
202-745-5114
Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America

CHICAGO (April 9, 2013) Placement of copper objects in intensive care unit (ICU) hospital rooms reduced the number of healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) in patients by more than half, according to a new study published in the May issue of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, the journal of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, in a special topic issue focused on the role of the environment in infection prevention.

In the United States, HAIs result in 100,000 deaths annually and add an estimated $45 billion to healthcare costs. HAIs often contaminate items within hospital rooms, allowing bacteria to transfer from patient to patient. Common microbes include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). While several strategies have been developed to decrease HAIs, few have been clinically proven to reduce the spread of these infections. The researchers tested the capability of copper surfaces to reduce environmental contamination of these germs and thereby decrease HAIs in patients. Copper surfaces have an inherent ability to continuously kill environmental microbes on these surfaces.

The study was performed from July 12, 2010 to June 14, 2011 at three medical centers including the Medical University of South Carolina, the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and the Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Patients who were admitted to the ICU of these hospitals were randomly assigned to receive care in a traditional patient room or in a room where items such as bed rails, tables, IV poles, and nurse's call buttons were made solely from copper-based metals. Both traditional patient rooms and rooms with copper surfaces at each institution were cleaned using the same practices.

The proportion of patients who developed HAI and/or colonization with MRSA or VRE was significantly lower among patients in rooms with copper surfaces (7.1%) compared with patients in traditional rooms (12.3%). The proportion of patients developing HAI was significantly lower among those assigned to copper rooms (3.4%) compared with those in traditional rooms (8.1%).

"Patients who suffer HAIs often stay in the hospital longer, incur greater costs, and unfortunately suffer a greater likelihood of dying while hospitalized," said Cassandra D. Salgado, MD, Associate Professor at the Medical University of South Carolina and lead author of the study. "Our study found that placement of items with copper surfaces into ICU rooms as an additional measure to routine infection control practices could reduce the risk of HAI as well as colonization with multidrug resistant microbes."

Previous attempts to reduce HAIs have required healthcare worker engagement or use of systems such as ultraviolet light, which may be limited because of regrowth of organisms after the intervention. In contrast, copper alloy surfaces offer a passive way to reduce burden, without staff intervention or involvement with outside providers.

###

This study was funded through a contract from the U.S. Army Materiel Command, U.S. Department of Defense. One researcher is currently employed by the Copper Development Association (CDA). CDA assisted in the development and fabrication of the copper objects for this study.

Cassandra D. Salgado, Kent A. Sepkowitz, Joseph F. John, J. Robert Cantey, Hubert H. Attaway, Katherine D. Freeman, Peter A. Sharpe, Harold T. Michels, Michael G. Schmidt. "Copper Surfaces Reduce the Rate of Healthcare-Acquired Infections in the Intensive Care Unit." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 34:5 (May 2013).

Published through a partnership between the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and The University of Chicago Press, Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology provides original, peer-reviewed scientific articles for anyone involved with an infection control or epidemiology program in a hospital or healthcare facility. ICHE is ranked 15 out of 140 journals in its discipline in the latest Journal Citation Reports from Thomson Reuters.

SHEA is a professional society representing more than 2,000 physicians and other healthcare professionals around the world with expertise in healthcare epidemiology and infection prevention and control. SHEA's mission is to prevent and control healthcare-associated infections and advance the field of healthcare epidemiology. The society leads this field by promoting science and research and providing high-quality education and training in epidemiologic methods and prevention strategies. SHEA upholds the value and critical contributions of healthcare epidemiology to improving patient care and healthcare worker safety in all healthcare settings. Visit SHEA online at http://www.shea-online.org, http://www.facebook.com/SHEApreventingHAIs and @SHEA_Epi.

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 9-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Tamara Moore
tmoore@gymr.com
202-745-5114
Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America

CHICAGO (April 9, 2013) Placement of copper objects in intensive care unit (ICU) hospital rooms reduced the number of healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) in patients by more than half, according to a new study published in the May issue of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, the journal of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, in a special topic issue focused on the role of the environment in infection prevention.

In the United States, HAIs result in 100,000 deaths annually and add an estimated $45 billion to healthcare costs. HAIs often contaminate items within hospital rooms, allowing bacteria to transfer from patient to patient. Common microbes include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). While several strategies have been developed to decrease HAIs, few have been clinically proven to reduce the spread of these infections. The researchers tested the capability of copper surfaces to reduce environmental contamination of these germs and thereby decrease HAIs in patients. Copper surfaces have an inherent ability to continuously kill environmental microbes on these surfaces.

The study was performed from July 12, 2010 to June 14, 2011 at three medical centers including the Medical University of South Carolina, the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and the Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Patients who were admitted to the ICU of these hospitals were randomly assigned to receive care in a traditional patient room or in a room where items such as bed rails, tables, IV poles, and nurse's call buttons were made solely from copper-based metals. Both traditional patient rooms and rooms with copper surfaces at each institution were cleaned using the same practices.

The proportion of patients who developed HAI and/or colonization with MRSA or VRE was significantly lower among patients in rooms with copper surfaces (7.1%) compared with patients in traditional rooms (12.3%). The proportion of patients developing HAI was significantly lower among those assigned to copper rooms (3.4%) compared with those in traditional rooms (8.1%).

"Patients who suffer HAIs often stay in the hospital longer, incur greater costs, and unfortunately suffer a greater likelihood of dying while hospitalized," said Cassandra D. Salgado, MD, Associate Professor at the Medical University of South Carolina and lead author of the study. "Our study found that placement of items with copper surfaces into ICU rooms as an additional measure to routine infection control practices could reduce the risk of HAI as well as colonization with multidrug resistant microbes."

Previous attempts to reduce HAIs have required healthcare worker engagement or use of systems such as ultraviolet light, which may be limited because of regrowth of organisms after the intervention. In contrast, copper alloy surfaces offer a passive way to reduce burden, without staff intervention or involvement with outside providers.

###

This study was funded through a contract from the U.S. Army Materiel Command, U.S. Department of Defense. One researcher is currently employed by the Copper Development Association (CDA). CDA assisted in the development and fabrication of the copper objects for this study.

Cassandra D. Salgado, Kent A. Sepkowitz, Joseph F. John, J. Robert Cantey, Hubert H. Attaway, Katherine D. Freeman, Peter A. Sharpe, Harold T. Michels, Michael G. Schmidt. "Copper Surfaces Reduce the Rate of Healthcare-Acquired Infections in the Intensive Care Unit." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 34:5 (May 2013).

Published through a partnership between the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and The University of Chicago Press, Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology provides original, peer-reviewed scientific articles for anyone involved with an infection control or epidemiology program in a hospital or healthcare facility. ICHE is ranked 15 out of 140 journals in its discipline in the latest Journal Citation Reports from Thomson Reuters.

SHEA is a professional society representing more than 2,000 physicians and other healthcare professionals around the world with expertise in healthcare epidemiology and infection prevention and control. SHEA's mission is to prevent and control healthcare-associated infections and advance the field of healthcare epidemiology. The society leads this field by promoting science and research and providing high-quality education and training in epidemiologic methods and prevention strategies. SHEA upholds the value and critical contributions of healthcare epidemiology to improving patient care and healthcare worker safety in all healthcare settings. Visit SHEA online at http://www.shea-online.org, http://www.facebook.com/SHEApreventingHAIs and @SHEA_Epi.

---

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/sfhe-csr040813.php

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Why there will never be another 'Siskel & Ebert'

By Gael Fashingbauer Cooper, TODAY

Opinion: In 2009, Roger Ebert wrote of his late partner in criticism, "Gene died 10 years ago on Feb. 20, 1999. He is in my mind almost every day."

AP file

Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert in an undated photo.

Siskel and Ebert -- the use of their last names a badge of honor and mark of fondness rather than a formality -- became the best-known movie critics in the nation, maybe on the planet, when their Chicago TV show "Sneak Previews" moved to PBS in 1978. The show would go through many titles, but its thumbs-up, thumbs-down format remained as simple and addictive as Raisinets during a matinee.

There will never be another pair like them. Part of that is because the world has moved on, for good or for ill. In 1978, most of us still had five or so television channels, and even if we didn't watch regularly, we all knew Siskel and Ebert, the chubby guy and the skinny guy, the guy with glasses and the bald guy. Now there are hundreds of ways to get movie reviews -- blogs, Twitter, Rotten Tomatoes, IMDb.com, online forums, alt-weeklies. A horror-movie buff can get his or her reviews from fellow gore freaks, a romantic can gravitate to sites that dissect rom-coms kiss by kiss.

When "Sneak Previews" began, the idea of two guys sitting in a fake theater arguing with each other was not just a novel setup, it was a real way to get a peek at the latest films and help decide what we wanted to see. We needed Siskel and Ebert. We still do, but we don't know it.

Any new Siskel and Ebert wouldn't make it past the casting directors anyway. In a 2009 blog post about his fellow critic, Ebert mentioned that Siskel was hired for his first TV job under the theory, "Don't hire someone because they look good on TV; hire them because they cover a beat and are the masters of it."

Can you even imagine that happening today? Look at your average sideline reporter on a football game or your local anchor. Do any of them look like people you know? Siskel and Ebert did. It helped make them credible, and it made us want to spend time with them. They were Chicagoans, not New Yorkers or Los Angelenos, and that helped too. They didn't look or sound like people who attended big social events or hung out on red carpets. They looked and sounded like your brothers-in-law, or maybe your neighbors, more comfortable at a Bulls game or a college film festival than at the Oscars.

Much has been made of Siskel and Ebert's sometimes snappy relationship. After Ebert died on Thursday, a YouTube video (Ebert-approved!) began to circulate. It showed the two fighting with each other as they struggled to record promos for their show.?

"You know that for Gene, speech is a second language?" cracks Ebert when Siskel trips up.

"Roger's second language is, 'Yes, I'll have apple pie with my order,' " retorted Siskel.

"This is going on in heaven right now," wrote a YouTube commenter.

(Warning: Good-natured swearing in the video below.)

But Siskel and Ebert never let their disagreements get in the way of their work or their friendship. "If we were fighting -- get out of the room," Ebert wrote in the 2009 blog post. "But if we were teamed up against a common target, we were fatal."

The animated show "The Critic" once ran a skit in which Siskel and Ebert break up. Ebert is seen sitting alone on a teeter-totter, and Siskel looks sadly at a photo of another famed duo, Bert and Ernie. Of course they get back together in the end. What was Bert without Ernie? A teeter without its totter? It wasn't as much fun to just hear one critic pontificate from on high. It was way more entertaining to hear him forced to defend his views against someone who had a much different opinion.

Remembering Siskel just after he died in 1999, Ebert noted that his favorite sparring partner would always end his own interviews of movie stars or other celebrities by asking, "What do you know for sure?" Ebert went on to say that what he knew of Siskel was that he was "one of the smartest, funniest, quickest men I've ever known, and one of the best reporters. It was almost impossible to tell you anything that you didn't already know."

What do we know for sure about Siskel and Ebert, then? That their fantastic, easy chemistry came from a place that was real, not anything ordered up in a studio laboratory. That we might not have agreed with either one of them all the time, but we'd welcome the chance to pull up a stool at Chicago's Billy Goat Tavern and have a beer with them.

And now with Ebert gone, the balcony is closed forever.

Related content:

Source: http://todayentertainment.today.com/_news/2013/04/04/17604675-why-there-will-never-be-another-siskel-ebert?lite

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'Idol' Results: Burnell Taylor Eliminated And Top 6 Are Revealed

The "Idol" results are in and Burnell Taylor is going home.

Burnell and Janelle Arthur were in the Bottom 2. He was one of two remaining guys in the competition and sang India Arie's "Ready For Love" for the save. The performance had Candice Glover in tears and Mariah Carey got choked up as well. But it wasn't enough for the judges: Randy Jackson announced they wouldn't use their one save of the season for Burnell as tears filled Mariah and Nicki Minaj's eyes.

Rock week was certainly a success for Candice, Kree Harrison, Janelle Arthur and Amber Holcomb, but slighltly rocky for others, Burnell included. He kicked off the night with Bon Jovi's "You've Give Love A Bad Name" and was very out of his element. All of the judges applauded Burnell's effort to step into some studded duds, but judge Keith Urban said he thought Burnell needed to make the song his own.

Earlier in the night, in no particular order, "Idol" host Ryan Seacrest revealed that Kree Harrison, Angie Miller and Lazaro Arbos were the Top 3. Later on, Candice and Amber Holcomb were sent through as well.

What ended up being an incredibly emotional "Idol" results show, started off with some great performances from alumni. Season 9's Casey James performed his new single "The Good Life" -- and brought hometown gifts for the contestants -- and true "Idol" success story Carrie Underwood was back to premiere her new single "See You Again."

Do you agree with tonight's "Idol" results? Who are you hoping wins Season 12? Sound off in the comments!

"American Idol" airs Wednesday and Thursdays at 8 p.m. ET on Fox.

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/04/idol-results-burnell-taylor-eliminated_n_3018106.html

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On-and-off approach to prostate cancer treatment may compromise survival

Apr. 3, 2013 ? Taking a break from hormone-blocking prostate cancer treatments once the cancer seems to be stabilized is not equivalent to continuing therapy, a new large-scale international study finds.

Based on previous smaller studies, it looked like an approach called intermittent androgen deprivation therapy might be just as good as continuous androgen deprivation in terms of survival while meanwhile giving patients a breather from the side effects of therapy. In fact, researchers believed intermittent therapy might help overcome treatment resistance that occurs in most patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

But this new study, which treated 1,535 patients with metastatic prostate cancer and followed them for a median of 10 years, finds that's not the case. Results appear in the New England Journal of Medicine.

"We tried to see whether intermittent androgen deprivation is as good as continuous androgen deprivation, but we did not prove that. We found that intermittent therapy is certainly not better and moreover we cannot even call it comparable," says lead study author Maha Hussain, M.D., FACP, a prostate cancer expert oncologist at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center.

The study was sponsored by SWOG, a National Cancer Institute-supported cancer clinical trials cooperative group.

In the study, men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer were given an initial course of androgen deprivation therapy (hormone therapy), which is standard therapy for this disease. Patients with a stable or declining PSA level equal to or below a cut-off of 4 ng/ml were then randomly assigned either to continue or to discontinue the hormone therapy. Patients were carefully monitored with monthly PSAs and a doctor's evaluation every three months and therapy was resumed in the intermittent arm when PSA climbed to 20 ng/ml. The intermittent cycle continued on-and-off based on the PSA levels.

Survival among the two groups showed a 10 percent relative increase in the risk of death with intermittent therapy, with average survival of 5.8 years for the continuous group and 5.1 years for the intermittent group from the time of randomization.

Further, the researchers looked at quality of life between the two groups of patients. Initially the intermittent therapy group showed significant improvement in impotence and emotional function in the first three months and had improved trends in other aspects of quality of life compared to the continuous group. But these differences leveled off over time.

"The improvements in some aspects of quality of life that were observed early were not sustained after a few months as patients had to resume therapy," says Hussain professor of internal medicine and urology at the U-M Medical School.

"If a patient is coming in with newly metastatic prostate cancer, hormone treatment continuously is the standard. If they wish to do intermittent treatment, they should be counseled that based on this data, their outcome might be compromised," she adds.

Follow-up studies are investigating a new generation of anti-hormone treatments combined with current therapies in the hopes of increasing the treatment's effectiveness. For information about currently available clinical trials at U-M, call the Cancer AnswerLine at 800-865-1125.

Prostate cancer statistics: 238,590 Americans will be diagnosed with prostate cancer this year and 29,720 will die from the disease, according to the American Cancer Society

Additional authors: Catherine M. Tangen, Dr.P.H., SWOG Statistical Center; Donna L. Berry, Ph.D., R.N., Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Celestia S. Higano, M.D., University of Washington; E. David Crawford, M.D., University of Colorado Health Science Center; Glenn Liu, M.D., and George Wilding, M.D., University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center; Stephen Prescott, M.D., St. James's University Hospital (UK); Subramanian Kanaga Sundaram, M.D., The Mid Yorkshire Hospitals-Pinderfields Hospital (UK); Eric Jay Small, M.D., University of California, San Francisco; Nancy Ann Dawson, M.D., Georgetown University Hospital Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; Bryan J. Donnelly, M.D., Prostate Cancer Centre (Canada); Peter M. Venner, M.D., Cross Cancer Institute (Canada); Ulka N. Vaishampayan, M.D., Karmanos Cancer Institute; Paul F. Schellhammer, M.D., Urology of Virginia; David I. Quinn, M.D., Ph.D., University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center; Derek Raghavan, M.D., Ph.D., Levine Cancer Institutes; Benjamin Ely, M.S., SWOG Statistical Center; Carol M. Moinpour, Ph.D., Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Nicholas J. Vogelzang, M.D., US Oncology Research, LLC, McKesson Specialty Health, Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada; Ian M. Thompson Jr., M.D., University of Texas Health Science Center

Funding: National Cancer Institute grants CA32102, CA38926, CA14028, CA55582, CA42777, CA35192, CA46441, CA46282, CA27057, CA128567, CA45807, CA20319, CA58416, CA46113, CA04919, CA76132, CA58861, CA58686, CA68183, CA12644, CA35261, CA35431, CA46368, CA22433, CA63848, CA67575, CA76447, CA67663, CA46136, CA86780, CA35281, CA63844, CA45560, CA37981, CA11083, CA35178, CA95860, CA35176, CA21115, CA31949, CA77202, CCSRI 015469; Astra Zeneca; Fonds Cancer (FOCA) from Belgium

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Michigan Health System.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. M. Hussain et al. Intermittent versus Continuous Androgen Deprivation in Prostate Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 2013; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1212299

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Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/U6YPO7okdRw/130403200011.htm

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